Vulnus is
a disruption in the continuity of the tissue of cellular and anatomical from
body tissue that caused by traumatic or surgery action. Disruption of
continuity tissue may skin remain intact or not intact skin.
Classifications of vulneratio include :
A. Vulneratio oklusa
In type of vulneratio oklusa skin tissue remain intact, happened subcutaneous
hemorrhage, as a result of contact with a blunt object and the damage could
reach the layer of epidermal.
Type of vulneratio oklusa are :
1. Contusions.
The skin that experience traumatic remain intact, despite the trauma in this
condition can reach the connective tissue, muskulatur, tendon, nerve and bone.
There are oedema, sianotis and disorder of functions.
If the hollow area that experience traumatic would result in occurred traumatic
hernia. Excessive blood collecting under the skin that caused by contusions can
occur and cause oedema that is called hematoma.
2. Abrasio.
The vulnus was formed caused by friction with a blunt object and rough on the
skin surface. The vulnus is very sensitive, occur minimal hemorrhage and
healing of vulnus prolonged.
B. Vulneratio aperta.
Vulnus which occur caused by contact with objects of sharp or blunt, damage of
tissue wider and skin is not intact, hemorrhage more, the possibility of
contamination of microorganisms larger.
Type of vulneratio aperta are :
1. Vulnus incision.
Vulnus can occur intentionally ( vulnus of surgery ) or not ( vulnus of
accidental ) caused by sharps object with the edge of vulnus is flat and
accompanied with hemorrhage. Incisions are more into may include the layers
muskulatur, blood vessels, nerve and tendon.
2. Vulnus laceration.
Vulnus which caused by contact with blunt object that can rip the skin so that
the possibility can eliminate some of the skin or can be accompanied by the
formation of subcutaneous cavity.
3. Avulsio.
In this vulnus there are some skin and subcutaneous tissue is lost, so the
surface of vulnus is width, there are hemorrhage and possible may occur
contamination of microorganisms.
4. Vulnus punktum.
Vulnus be formed by objects with small size and sharp, the surface of small
vulnus, reaching deeper tissue layers, not connected with the body cavity.
Vulnus punktum often cause tetanus occurs because the atmosphere in the tissue
is anaerobic. Include the type of vulnus punktum is vulnus morsum by animals
dogs, cats, mice, hamsters, etc.
5. Vulnus penetratum.
Vulnus that penetrate the body cavity and cause of infection in the peritoneum
and viscera organs when penetrated the abdominal cavity. Respiratory distress
and emphisema subcutaneous when penetrated the chest cavity but intact skin.
Include vulnus skloperotum that caused by small objects such as bullets that
can penetrate the body cavity and cause of hemorrhage within the body cavity (
hemoabdominal, hemothorak ).
